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Pharmacodynamics I
⏱ 18:34
12/30
Progress
Q12 Agonists
A patient on long-term beta-blocker therapy suddenly stops his medication. He presents 48 hours later with severe rebound hypertension and tachycardia. The pharmacodynamic mechanism responsible is:
A
Tachyphylaxis of cardiac receptors to catecholamines
B
Up-regulation of β-adrenoceptors now exposed to catecholamines
C
Increased catecholamine synthesis in the adrenal medulla
D
Down-regulation of adrenergic receptors throughout the body
📖 Explanation
Chronic antagonist use causes receptor up-regulation — more β-receptors are inserted into the membrane. Abrupt withdrawal exposes this increased receptor population to circulating catecholamines, producing a rebound sympathomimetic response.
Mx
Pharmacodynamics I
📖 Summary
📖 Study Summary
Pharmacodynamics I
💊 Pharmacology ~8 min read
Lecture Notes
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Drug-Receptor Interactions

Pharmacodynamics describes what a drug does to the body. Most drugs act by binding to specific receptors — protein structures on or in target cells.

Agonists vs Antagonists
  • Full agonist — binds and produces maximal response
  • Partial agonist — binds but submaximal efficacy
  • Antagonist — binds but produces no effect; blocks agonists
Up-regulation occurs with chronic antagonist use — abrupt withdrawal causes rebound effects.
Mx
Pharmacodynamics I
🎙️ Oral
📝 Essay Question
Describe the pharmacodynamic mechanism behind beta-blocker withdrawal syndrome.
Listening... Speak clearly
Live Transcript
Chronic use of beta-blockers causes up-regulation of beta receptors... when the drug is stopped suddenly...
Mx
Pharmacodynamics I
⚡ Flashcards
5
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3
Okay
2
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6
Left
Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer
Up-regulation of β-adrenoceptors
Explanation
Chronic antagonist use inserts more β-receptors into the membrane. Abrupt withdrawal exposes these upregulated receptors to catecholamines — causing rebound hypertension.
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